Side-by-Side Comparison
| Feature | Normal Mole | Melanoma |
|---|---|---|
| Symmetry | Symmetrical (both halves match) | Asymmetrical (halves don't match) |
| Border | Smooth, even edges | Irregular, scalloped, or blurred edges |
| Color | Single shade of brown/tan | Multiple colors (brown, black, red, white, blue) |
| Diameter | Usually < 6mm | Often > 6mm (but can be smaller) |
| Evolution | Stable over years | Changes over weeks to months |
| Surface | Smooth, consistent | May be irregular, raised unevenly |
| Symptoms | Usually none | May itch, bleed, or crust |
The ABCDE Rule Explained
The ABCDE rule is the most widely used method for evaluating moles. Each letter represents a warning sign of melanoma:
- A - Asymmetry: One half doesn't match the other half
- B - Border: Edges are irregular, ragged, or blurred
- C - Color: Multiple colors or uneven color distribution
- D - Diameter: Larger than 6mm (pencil eraser size)
- E - Evolution: Changes in size, shape, color, or symptoms
A mole showing even one of these signs warrants professional evaluation. Multiple signs increase concern significantly.
The "Ugly Duckling" Sign
Beyond ABCDE, look for the "ugly duckling" sign—a mole that looks different from all your other moles.
Most people have a "signature" pattern to their moles. A mole that stands out as looking different—even if it doesn't show obvious ABCDE signs—may warrant evaluation.
When to See a Doctor
See a dermatologist promptly if you notice:
Any ABCDE warning sign
A mole that looks different from your others
A new mole appearing after age 30
A mole that bleeds without injury
Persistent itching or pain in a mole
A sore that doesn't heal within 3 weeks
Frequently Asked Questions
Medical Disclaimer
This article is educational only. It cannot diagnose melanoma. Always consult a dermatologist for professional evaluation. Early detection saves lives.