Chloasma (Melasma) - Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
By ScanSkinAI Editorial Team✓ Reviewed for medical safetyLast updated June 2026
Brown or gray-brown patches on the face, commonly triggered by pregnancy, hormonal medications, or sun exposure. Also called the 'mask of pregnancy.'
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Quick Answer
Chloasma, commonly known as melasma or the mask of pregnancy, is a skin condition that causes brown or grey-brown patches to appear on the face. These symmetrical patches usually develop on the cheeks, forehead, nose, or upper lip. It is primarily triggered by hormonal changes from pregnancy, birth control pills, or hormone therapy, and is significantly worsened by sun exposure. While chloasma is generally harmless, strict sun protection and topical treatments can help fade the discoloration. Always consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate care plan.
Symptoms
- Brown patches on cheeks, forehead, nose, upper lip
- Symmetric pattern
- Worsens with sun exposure
- May fade after pregnancy
Causes & Risk Factors
- Pregnancy hormones
- Birth control pills
- Hormone therapy
- Sun exposure
- Genetic predisposition
Treatment & Management
- Strict sun protection
- Hydroquinone creams
- Retinoids
- Azelaic acid
- Chemical peels
- Laser treatment
When to See a Doctor
If pigmentation is severe or affecting self-esteem
Frequently Asked Questions
What does chloasma look like on the skin?
Chloasma typically presents as flat, brown, or grey-brown patches on the face. These patches often appear in a symmetrical pattern, meaning they affect both sides of your face equally. You will most commonly notice them on your cheeks, forehead, bridge of the nose, and above your upper lip. It does not cause pain or itching.
Why did I suddenly get the mask of pregnancy?
The mask of pregnancy is caused by sudden shifts in hormones, specifically an increase in estrogen and progesterone, which stimulate your skin to produce excess pigment. This is why it frequently occurs during pregnancy, or when taking birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy. Sun exposure and genetic background also play a major role in triggering it.
How can I stop these dark patches from getting worse?
The most critical step is strict sun protection. Ultraviolet light directly triggers the pigment-producing cells in your skin, making chloasma darker and more noticeable. You should wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen daily, reapply it frequently, and wear wide-brimmed hats when outdoors. Avoiding known hormonal triggers, if approved by your doctor, can also prevent worsening.
Are there treatments available to fade chloasma?
Yes, several treatments can help lighten the dark patches. Dermatologists often recommend topical creams containing ingredients like hydroquinone, retinoids, or azelaic acid to reduce pigmentation. For more stubborn cases, chemical peels or specific laser treatments might be considered. A healthcare professional can help you choose the best and safest option for your skin type.
Will this pigmentation ever go away entirely?
Chloasma can sometimes fade on its own, especially if it was triggered by pregnancy or a specific medication that you have since stopped taking. However, for many people, it can be a persistent, long-term condition. Even after successful treatment, the patches can quickly return if your skin is exposed to the sun without protection.
Are these just normal sun spots or age spots?
While sun exposure worsens both, chloasma is different from standard sun spots. Sun spots are usually scattered, individual freckle-like marks caused purely by cumulative sun damage over time. Chloasma tends to form larger, symmetrical patches and is deeply connected to hormonal changes alongside sun exposure. A doctor can help confirm exactly which type of pigmentation you have.
When should I see a dermatologist about my facial pigmentation?
You should consult a doctor or dermatologist if the pigmentation is severe, causes you distress, or significantly impacts your self-esteem. It is also important to see a professional to get an accurate diagnosis, as they can rule out other skin conditions and prescribe stronger, more effective treatments than those available over the counter safely.
How can ScanSkinAI help with chloasma?
ScanSkinAI can be a helpful preliminary screening aid to visually track changes in your facial pigmentation over time. However, it is not a diagnostic tool. AI technology cannot replace a professional medical evaluation. You should always share your ScanSkinAI images and concerns with a qualified healthcare provider for a proper diagnosis and an effective, personalized treatment plan.
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Medical References
Information on this page is sourced from and verified against reputable medical resources:
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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. The content on this page should not be used to diagnose or treat any health problem. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for proper medical evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of your condition.